资料宝库：中考英语常见错误F系列 - 中考

2008-03-15 来源：英语教师网|http://www.ewteacher.com/ 我要评论（0）

　　fail ?

　　［误］ Tom failed his exam.?

　　［正］ Tom failed in his exam.?

　　［正］ Tom failed to pass the exam.?

　　［析］ fail为不及物动词，其后可用in加名词，或直接接不定式。?

　　family ?

　　［误］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's families are waiting for me.?

　　［误］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family is waiting for me.?

　　［正］ I'm sorry I have to go. Tom's family are waiting for me.?

　　［析］ family是集合名词，把它当作整体看它是单数，如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数。如：Your family are very kind to me. My family is very large.

　　far ?

　　［误］ My school is ten miles far from here.?

　　［正］ My school is ten miles away from here.?

　　［析］ far一般不与实际距离连用。?

　　［误］ "Did you walk far?"

　　?"Yes，I walked far." ?

　　［正］ "Did you walk far?"

　　?"Yes, I walked a long way." ?

　　［析］ 一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语，而用a long way.far组成的常用词组有：as far as. ①远至，一直到。如：He walked as far as the station. ②就……而言。如：As far as he was concerned these books were very good. ③只要。如：I can help you as far as I can.? so for到目前为止。例：He is very well so far.?

　　farther further ?

　　far有两个比较级，即farther和further，其意思略有不同：farther主要用于表示距离的远近，如：Milan is farther away than Rome. 而further则是指"进一步的"，如：Will we need any further discussion on this matter.?

　　fast ?

　　［误］ A fast train runs fastly.?

　　［正］ A fast train runs fast.?

　　［析］ fast其形容词与副词形式相同。?

　　fast soon ?

　　fast指行动本身的速度快，如：The foreigner speaks too fast. 而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短，时间到来的迅速，如：She will come soon.?

　　feel ?

　　［误］ I feel badly about my mistakes.?

　　［正］ I feel bad about my mistakes.?

　　［析］ 感观动词如feel, smell等后面要接形容词而不是副词。feel good是指某人精神好，而feel well是指人身体状况良好。?

　　［误］ I try not to hurt her feeling.?

　　［正］ I try not to hurt her feelings.?

　　［析］ feeling在作"感情"讲时要用复数，而作"感觉"讲则要用单数。如：I have a feeling that we will win the game.?

　　few ?

　　［误］ Few of them is very good.?

　　［正］ Few of them are very good.?

　　［析］ few意为"几乎没有"，但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用a few, 如：There were only a few people in the street.?

　　［误］ There are less farms than there used to be.?

　　［正］ There are fewer farms than there used to be.?

　　［析］ few的比较级为fewer，其后接可数名词；而little的 比较级为less，其后接不可数名词。

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　　field ?

　　［误］ He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.?

　　［正］ He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.?

　　［析］ in the field是"在田野上"或是"在某一学科领域内"，而on the field则多指"在战场上"。如：He lost his life on the battle field.?

　　fill ?

　　［误］ She filled orange into my glass.?

　　［正］ She filled my glass with orange.?

　　［析］ 表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fill with词组，如：The boy ran back home filled with joy.?

　　fill full ?

　　fill是动词，但有及物与不及物两种用法，当表示"充满"之意时是不及物动词，应用fill with，如：The little girl's eyes filled with tears. 而当表示"使……装满某物"时，是及物动词，如：He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with应看作系表结构，如：The boy's mother was filled with anger. full是形容词，要用be full of这一词组，如：The boy was full of joy.?

　　find ?

　　［误］ He has finded his lost bike.?

　　［正］ He has found his lost bike.?

　　［析］ find是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为"建立"，它是规则动词，其过去式及过去分词均为founded.?

　　［误］ It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.?

　　［正］ It is very difficult to find a suitable job.?

　　［析］ look for为"寻找"，而find是找到。寻找工作并不难，难的应是找到合适的工作。?

　　find find out ?

　　find out意为"找出、算出、发现"，如：I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要侧重点在找到某物，如：I find my book under the desk.?

　　finish ?

　　［误］ I finished to read that book last night.?

　　［正］ I finished reading that book last night.?

　　［析］ 英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语，这样的动词在中考范围内有两个，即finish和enjoy。?

　　fire ?

　　［误］ There's no smoke without a fire.?

　　［正］ There's no smoke without fire.?

　　［析］ 此句应译为中文"无风不起浪"。fire作为物质名词"火"讲时为不可数名词，而作为"炉火"、"火灾"讲则是可数名词，如：There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要讲"着火了"要用be on fire, 如：The factory was

　　on fire.?

　　［误］ The man fired to us.?

　　［正］ The man fired at us.?

　　［析］ fire (on) at均指"向某目标开火"，at用于较小目标，而on用于较大目标。

 

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　　first ?

　　［误］ Is this your firstly visit to Beijing??

　　［正］ Is this your first visit to Beijing??

　　［析］ 除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外，这个词已不多见，而均被first取代。first还有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。

　　follow ?

　　［误］ I received a letter which ran as follow.?

　　［正］ I received a letter which ran as follows.?

　　［析］ as follows是惯用法，其意为"如下"，不论在任何场合均要用follows.?

　　［误］ As follows are his arguments.?

　　［正］ The following are his arguments.?

　　［析］ as follows主要用于句尾，而the following则用于句首。?

　　food ?

　　［误］ Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.?

　　［正］ Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates,pastry…may increase your weight.

　　［析］ food泛指食物时为不可数名词，如：There is no food for supper. 而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。?

　　foot ?

　　［误］ There is a five?feet?wide bridge.?

　　［正］ There is a five?foot?wide bridge.?

　　［析］ 用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。?

　　［误］ We went to college on feet.?

　　［正］ We went to college on foot.?

　　［析］ by后面加接交通工具时，不应加任何冠词，不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后，其前面的介词要作适当的改变，如：I came to school in his car yesterday. I go to shool on a train.?

　　for ?

　　［误］ I wanted to go to the pub for having a drink.?

　　［正］ I wanted to go to the pub for a drink.?

　　［正］ I wanted to go to the pub to have a drink.?

　　［析］ 用for表示目的时，其后面只能接名词，而不要接动名词。?

　　［误］ I went to the office for seeing the headmaster.?

　　［正］ I went to the office to see the headmaster.?

　　［析］ 用不定式来表示动作的目的。?

　　［误］ I will leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

　　［正］ I will leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

　　［正］ I will leave for Shanghai.?

　　［析］ leave for为一固定搭配，不要改动。?

　　［误］ I bought a book to you.?

　　［正］ I bought a book for you.?

　　［误］ He is a friend for us.?

　　［正］ He is a friend to us.?

　　［析］ 在英文中"为"一词在泛指时用to, 在特指时要用for.?

　　［误］ This food is good to us.?

　　［正］ This food is good for us.?

　　［析］ 词组be good (bad) for 表示"对……有好(坏)处"。?

　　［误］ For I was feeling quite hungry, I wanted to have lunch.?

　　［正］ I wanted to have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.?

　　［析］ for作为"因为"讲时一般不要置于句首，而且口气也比because弱的多。

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　　forget ?

　　［误］ I left my key.?

　　［正］ I left my key at home.?

　　［正］ I forgot my key.?

　　［析］ leave是"丢下"之意，所以一定要接地点状语，而forget是"忘记"，所以不用接地点状语。?

　　［误］ I will not forget the rules.?

　　［正］ I will never forget the rules.?

　　［误］ Please don't forget posting my letter on your way home.?

　　［正］ Please don't forget to post my letter on your way home.?

　　［析］ 要注意forget to do something为"忘了去作某事"，而forget doing something则应译为"对已经作过的事记不起来了"。如：He forget returning the book to the library. 应译为"他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了。"同样用法的词还有remember和regret.?

　　free ?

　　［误］ You can speak free in front of my parents.?

　　［正］ You can speak freely in front of my parents.?

　　［析］ free作为副词时意为"免费"、"不必付款"，如：You can eat free in my restaurant. 而freely则意为"自由地"、"无限制地"。?

　　French ?

　　［误］ She comes from French.?

　　［正］ She comes from France.?

　　［析］ French是"法语"、"法国的"，而France才是"法国"。

　　　friend ?

　　［误］ He nodded to me friendly.?

　　［正］ He nodded to me in a friendly fashion.?

　　［析］ friendly是形容词，不是副词。在英语中应避免讲He is a friend of my mother. 又比如：I go to school with my friend. 从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法。而应讲He is a friend of my mother's. I go to school with a friend. be friends with 则是"交朋友"之意，例如：I hope you will be friends with me. 而不应讲I hope you will be my friend. 交朋友还有一惯用法是make friends.?

　　from ?

　　［误］ Where do you come from??I come from the library. ?

　　［正］ Where do you come from??I come from England. ?

　　［正］ Where did you come from??I came from the library. ?

　　［析］ Where do you come from?应意为"你是从什么国家(地方)来的?"(即意为"你是哪的人?")而Where did you come from? 才是"你刚刚从哪来?"?

　　front ?

　　［误］ There are three tall trees in the front of my house.?

　　［正］ There are three tall trees in front of my house.?

　　［析］ in front of是某物体外部的前面，而in the front of是在某物体内部的前面。如：The bus driver is seated in the front of the bus.?

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