高考英语单选题解题诀窍 - 高考
2011-02-11 来源:新东方 |http://www.neworiental.org 我要评论(0)
一、学会审题,注意把握问题的着重点
仔细审题是解题的最基本要求,疏忽大意很容易造成误选。
---What happened to the priceless works of art?
---_______.
A.They were desdroyed in the earthquake
B.The earthquake was destroying them
C.They destroyed in the earthquake
D.The earthquake destroyed them
析:此题问题的着重点是“艺术品怎么啦”而不是针对“地震”而言,因此,最佳选项应为A。
二、结合上下语境,推出正确答案
此类题多为截取的生活场景,句式灵活,用词地道,表现出用语言来解决实际生活的问题,因此,不能死套语法框框,而应重在对语境的理解和把握,进行具体情况具体分析,选出符合逻辑行文的正确选项。例:
1. ---You seem to have lost your way. _______?
---Yes,I’m looking for Wangfujing Street.
A.Are you looking for something B.Where are you going
C.Need help D.What are you looking for
析:根据上下语境的线索推测出问话人“询问对方是否需要帮忙”,因此答案应为C。
2.We have’t enough books for______;some of you will have to share.
A.somebody B.anyone C.everybody D.nobody
析:根据下文“some of you will have to share”可判断出“书籍不够每人一本”,因此正确选项为C。
三、抓住关键词,打开解题的切入点
很多情况下,题干上会有一个关键词的提示,只要快速锁定该词,不但能找准答案,而且还能节省宝贵的时间,提高解题速度。
1.Years ago,we didn’t know this,but recent science______that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A.showed B.has shown C.will show D.is showing
析:根据关键词“recent”判断正确答案为B。
2.The group,____by Tseng Yungchuan,arrived in Beijing on Wednesday to help push for Taiwan to be opened to mainland tourists.
A.leads B.leading C.led D.having led
析:根据关键词“by”判断,正确答案为C。
四、关注标点符号能快速锁定最佳选项
英语的标点符号常常是我们借以判断最佳选项的重要信号,因此,我们在审题时要特别注意它的功能,不同的标点有不同的作用。
1、---______a second time,will the man have one more try ?
---I’m sure he will.
A.Turn down B.If turning down
C.He was turned down D.If turned down
析:根据逗号“,”的功能判断,逗号的前部分要么是从句要么是非谓语动词(短语)或独立主格,此空应用被动结构,所以答案选D。
2._____some exercise every day — I’m sure you’ll get fit sooner or later.
A.To take B.taking C.Have taken D.Take
析:破折号“——”相当于“and”,前后结构应保持平衡,因此答案为D。
五、巧妙运用“排除法”,既方便又快捷
有时四个选项中一眼扫过去,会发现有三个是不可能的,这时采用“排除法”是最明智不过的。
With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled
析:既然“新总统现在的日子不好过”;“许多问题需要去解决”即发生在将来应用不定式,排除其余选项,正确答案为C。
六、采用“还原法”,再现庐山真面目
有些句子设题上具有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性,原因是它已改变了原先的句式或省去了一些内容,使我们从表面上不容易辨别出其句型结构,增加了理解的难度。这时巧妙使用“还原法”能大大降低句子的难度,使人豁然开朗,茅塞顿开。
1、The more he thought about it,the more questions he thought of_____.
A.to be asked B.being asked C.asking D.to ask
析:此题用介词“of”设陷阱,受定势影响会误选 -ing形式,但若能把后面部分还原为“he thought of more questions to ask”,就能断出正确答案为D。
2. ---Can I help you?
---Yes,please. Do you have any books on cooking?
---There are only a few,_______.
A.if any B.if have C.if some D.if do
析:最后一句为省略句,补充完整为“…,if there are any.”,得知正确答案为A。
七、去掉插入语,化繁为简
有时设题特意加上插入语,使句型显得繁杂,这时只要去掉插入语,题干就简单明了,一目了然了。
---Is that the small town you often refer to?
---Right,just the one_____you know I used to work for years.
A.that B.which C.where D.what
析:去掉插入语“you know”就知道答案为C。
八、以逻辑为主线,敲定答案
留意非谓语动词与句子主语的逻辑联系能迅速圈定答案,如下题正确答案应为C。
While watching television,________.
A.the doorbell rang B.a black cat suddenly ran in
C.we heard the doorbell ring D.an unexpected visitor came to visit me
九、通过对比关系,锁定目标
句中如含有though\althought\but \however\while等表示对比关系的词时,我们就可根据前后的关系确定正答案。
1. They wanted to charge $5000 for the car,but we ______to bring the price down.
A.tried B.managed C.failed D.had
析:根据转折关系得知“设法做成了……”,故选B。
2.---I think George does’t really care for TV plays.
---Right,_____ he still watches the program.
A.and B but C.or D.so
析:通过前后内容对比,“不喜欢看电视剧”与“仍然”是转折关系,故用but.
十、掌握固定句型,许多问题可迎刃而解
鼓励学生自己归纳在学习中常见的一些固定句式,这对于提高单选题的准确率及书面表达的规范性都有好处。如,“祈使句 +and\or + SB.will …”; “It +be +some time +before …”;“It wasn’t until…that…”等。
The flu is believed_____by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A.causing B.being caused C.to be caused D.to have caused
析:“Sth.\SB.be said \believed to +V…”为固定句式,再结合“by”判断这里应用被动,故选C。
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