2010-06-22 来源：新东方 我要评论（0）
2010年6月英语六级考试昨天落下来帷幕，纵观听力部分，整体难度较往年稍有所提高，但仍与历年考察的重点及原则一脉相承，从宏观及微观两方面考察同学们听力技巧及文章理解的能力。
短对话来源：
从宏观上来看，可以发现的一大特点是问题都以推断型的方式来考察，对于综合推断类问题的解题方略，最重要的三项原则是
1）通过预先浏览选项推测对话主题
2）抓住对话主题进行判断
3）综合把握对话双方与主题相关的所有细节，以防选项的单一和片面
比如：
11. M: Oh, I’m so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.
W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I won’t need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?
Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
该题可用排除法得出答案。从对话中可知，男士忘了将女士的书带来，而女士的那本书是她从图书馆借来的。同时女士也明确表明周五晚上是最后期限，男士必须在此之前还她，因此答案是The man failed to keep his promise，因为男士没有信守承诺，将书带给女士。
12. W: Doctor, I haven’t been able to get enough sleep lately, and I’m too tired to concentrate in class.
M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors with all that artificial lighting can do that to you. Your body loses track of whether it’s day or night.
Q: What does the man imply?
该题关键是弄懂医生说的那句话，因为女士一天到晚呆在室内接受人工光源的照射，于是身体无法自动调节时间，因此医生认为女士应该多出去走走，做一些户外活动。因此答案是The woman should spend more time outdoors.
同理，短对话中的13、14、17、18题均以推断型的提问方式来出题，以此考察考生对于对话情景的整体把握能力。
从微观上来看，今年的短对话部分侧重于转折、建议、关键提示词、语义解释等内容的考察，且有相加合并考察的趋势特点。例如：
14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target, and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.
M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses, you and I are definitely in the minority.
Q: What does the man mean?
此题明显考察了转折考点，对男人回答中but部分针对提问。对话中女士赞扬男士发表的文章非常好，论点很有说服力。男士的回答是，就读者总体反映来看，他们两个人绝对是出于少数人的行列，也就是说只有少数人认为赞同男士在文章中的论点， 故选择Most readers do not share his viewpoints.
又如：
15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her and apologize to her again?
W: Well, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
此题是非常典型的三三原则相加，即以well为代表的关键提示词，if I were you虚拟语态特殊表达表建议及语义解释。由女士说的“if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her”，因此，女士希望男士先让Daisy冷静几天，等怒气消停了再说。cool off意为“冷静，平静下来，息怒”，故此题选择Leave Daisy alone for the time being.
再如：
17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finals but I don’t have a ticket. I guess I’ll just watch it on TV. Do you want to come over?
W: Actually I have a ticket. But I’m not feeling well. You can have it for what it cost me.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
此题又是非常典型的两两原则相加，即以actually为代表的关键提示词和but转折原则的相加。该对话中，男士没买到票，而女士则刚好有，她身体不舒服，故而想将自己的票以原价转让给男士，故选择The man can get the ticket at its original price。该文主要是由“You can have it for what it cost me”得出。
长对话
此次六级长对话的考察题材秉承历年的趋势，分别为职场工作和人物访谈，考察结构也比较明晰，遵循了长对话的一贯基本结构即“引出话题，讨论话题，结束话题”以及“开头必考，结尾必考及中间话题转换处必考”的技巧及原则。
例如：
19. D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.
文中开始部分女士问“So you are not sure which to go for?”，男士回答的是“That’s it.”表明男士还没决定应该选哪份工作。
20. C) They are all adults.
由“The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates.”可得出。
21. B) Varied and interesting.
男士提及the Language School in Pistoia时说到教学类型很多时，女士回答的是“that sounds much more varied and interesting.”因此该题选B。
22. C) Hosting a television show.
Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. 此题以推断问题考察对于文章上下文的理解，历年也有类似的考题，例如07年12月份的第19题也是利用周围的情景词来定位，这类题目需要引起重视，此外，还需注意容易混淆的A选项。
23. A) He lost his mother.
男士提及“He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.”
24. B) He got seriously into acting.
文中原句：then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting
25. B) He has long been a legendary figure.
原文提到“So what made him the legend he still is today?” 说明从过去到现在James Dean一直是一个Legend。
短文题
今年短文题的最大亮点在于第一篇passage，以往对于新闻性段落的考察并非在重点范围之内，而今年开篇就以此题材考察能力着实另有些考生不适应。其实，新闻性段落并非如此令人生畏，其解题方略别具一格
1） 特别关注导语即每段开头所包含的所有信息
2） 注意报道中的时间，地点，人物和数字
3） 转折和原因标记语后面的内容为考察重点
此外，做题时如遇报道中有描述灾难性的事件，一定要尤其注意灾难的起因或结果以及数字。例如第一个passage分述了四个报道，第一个就为灾难性事件，通过文章中 “The plane, a Boeing 737, taking German holiday makers to the island crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land.” 可以得知26题正确答案即为It crashed when it was circling to land. 即上文所说需关注原因。
第二个报道为关于英国实业家James Louis被绑架八个月被释放。通过首句The British industrialist James Louis, held by kidnappers in Central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday. 便可知27答案为He was kidnapped eight months ago.
第三个报道关于工人罢工，此题考察因果关系定位原则，出处为This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hours and conditions. 可得28题答案为The management and union representatives reached an agreement.
最后一个报道关于天气情况，最后一句But towards late afternoon, rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight. 直接推出答案为rainy.
纵观新闻性段落题发现其考察重点多为细节部分，所以考生一定要在平时的训练过程中养成边听边记的好习惯，包括关键词，逻辑连词，重点信息等。
第二和第三个段落分别考了高频段落记叙文之人物传记题及说明文，以下仍从技巧原则方面就短文题定位及技巧方法做点评。
宏观上，仍就延续了六级听力短文题常考察的三大基本原则，即
1） 首末句定位原则
例如，30题及33题的出处均在文章的首句群。
30题的答案出处为From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. 故选择Very few of them knew much about geology.
33题的答案出处为Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. 故选择It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.
2） 转折定位原则
例如，33题及35题的出处均在转折定位词后面的内容。
34题的答案出处为Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has continued to flourish and has members in more than 80 countries. 故选It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.
35题的答案出处为It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact. 故选It has had greater impact than in any other country.
3） 因果定位原则
例如，31题的答案出处为Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. 故选By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred.
此外，题中仍有细节考察点，例如第32题考察直接引语部分，“Stop me,” he said, “any time I say something you don’t understand.”为正确答案出处点，故选Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.
值得一提的是，曾经反复强调的两两原则，或者三三原则相加也相继在今年的试卷中出现，即上述三大基本原则和其他细节原则的结合或者三大原则之间的结合，因此考生应在以后的复习中有所侧重。
复合式听写
最后，我们来看一下听写部分。
就单词填写而言，大多依然是对名、动、形、副词的考察。一些反复强调的易混淆易拼错单词，例如：intelligent，profound，dramatically，deprived，hindered，今年几乎都命中。
在语音现象上尤其要注意弱读，比如42和43两个空格，很多粗心地考生未听清其是以动词的过去分词形式出现的，所以漏掉了-ed，丢失了分数，着实可惜。对于这样的空格，我们要注意的是进行复查以及前后文的预读，42、43 空格之前都有be动词说明这两个空格绝对不可能是动词原形，所以即使没能听清或者对于语音把握不太好，仍然可以得到这宝贵的7分。
在句子填空部分，依然秉承了一贯的风格， 即考察复合句以及一些从句的听写。句子的填空应该抓住一定的做题方式，先听主谓宾，再听定状补，最后把逻辑连词补充完整，这样有序地填写是最佳的答题策略，在这里也把答案附上：
44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.
45. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.
46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses
综上所述，虽然今年考题难度较往年有所提高，但涨幅不大，且原则技巧考察点依然遵循规律且有所侧重，所以勤奋努力的考生一点会应验”No pains, no gains”这句谚语，在这里也对即将参加12月份考试以及这次可能失利准备重头再来的学生一句话 “If my mind can conceive it , and my heart believe it, I know I can achieve it” 心有所愿，无事不成，衷心祝愿你们能在今年的冬天取得优秀的成绩。
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