如何做好阅读理解细节题2 - PETS

2008-03-25 来源：考试大|http://www.examda.com 我要评论（0）

   2．文章过渡词知识
 
    文章过渡词是篇章意义组织和传达的重要一部分。由于过渡词能够表示各种语义关系，如果考生在这方面有一定的知识，往往可以借助它们搞清文章的来龙去脉，不读具体细节，也能猜上文或者下文讲的是什么。更重要的是过渡词在文章中比较突出、醒目，在查证时容易找。在阅读中，如把它们圈出，答题就容易多了。因为绝大多数细节性的问题和它们有密切的联系。根据我们统计，问题中除了问大意、中心思想的，60％以上是问细节的，而只要问细节，90％以上牵涉到原因，特点，功能，理由，事实，优缺点等。而这些东西往往是用表示各种语义的过渡词来引出的。
    根据过渡词表示的语义和逻辑关系，我们可以分类为：
    1) 举例
    for example, for instance, as a case in point, as an illustration, such as, say, e.g.
    2) 释义
    that is, that is to say, in other words, so to speak, or rather, namely
    3) 原因
    because, because of, for, as, owing to, thanks to, due to, now that, since, as a result of, attribute to, in that
    4) 条件
    if, unless, whether, provided that, given, as long as, on condition that, otherwise
    5) 让步
    despite, in spite of, though, although, nevertheless, but, however, admittedly, it is true…but, after all
    6) 结果
    for this reason, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, thus, in short, in a word, to sum up, to conclude
    7)比较
    similarly, like, likewise, in the same way, much.., as much, no more.., than, just as... so
    8)对照
    whereas, instead, however, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand, while, some.., others
    9)层进
    first, in the first place, to begin with, second, next, in addition to, besides, moreover, furthermore, third, finally
    10)强调
    indeed, in fact, certainly, particularly, above all, most importantly, worst of all
    11)目的
    in order to, in an effort to, so as to, in order that, for fear that, in case, least
    12)先后
    shortly after, earlier, later, afterwards, after, before, once, meanwhile, since, until, when, while, the moment, as soon as
    13)指示
    this, that, these, this accounts for, this helps explain, that’s why

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